Mephedrone aka m-cat aka meow- meow

A drug that has taken the Mumbai streets by storm due to lacunae created by poor quality cocaine and is cheaper than it, is Mephedrone also known as M-CAT/ meow-meow/plant food etc.

Mephedrone [4-methyl methcathinone (4-MMC) or 4-methyl ephedrone,] is a synthetic stimulant akin to amphetamines and is a cathinone similar to those found in the psychostimulant plant Khath used in Africa. It is sold across the world as plant food and research chemicals online in order to by pass legal bans and routes.

History 

It was first discovered in 1929 but went into obscurity till it was re synthesized by an underground chemist in Israel in about 2003 .

Mode of use– snorting, rectally, orally in tablets, intravenously.

Even today  the complete and long term effects of the drug on the brain and body have not been researched .  Hence what is known is from short term studies and effects observed in users and shared by them.

Effects

Users have described its effects to be akin to the effects of MDMA and cocaine.

Its effects set in within 15minutes to half an hour of snorting it and lasts for 3-4 hours.

It  creates a sense of euphoria, elation, sleeplessness, a sharpness and mental acuity that makes one feel very productive and able to focus better . It also creates a markedly heightened sexual desire with intercourse lasting for hours. This increases the chance of risky sexual behavior increasing the propensity to sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C etc.

Currently mephedrone is used in many places in the world for what are called as ““chemsex” parties .

Body and brain-

-It creates a complete lack of appetite wherein users do not eat at all while in the phase of using and consequently loose weight and fall ill.

-The pupils  are dilated,

there is an increase in heart rate of the drug user/ person addicted to the drug. Since the effect lasts only for a few hours the frequency of usage and quantity of usage gradually increase thus making abuse of the drug very easy.

-There is no low feeling or depression following the stoppage of use.

-Short term memory is grossly affected.

-Anxiety and paranoia are seen in some.

-Heightened nervous stimulation is seen in some resulting seizures.

-It also creates in some a feeling of affection towards people around.

-Teeth grinding , jaw clenching , cold fingers and toes are some other effects.

Withdrawals

Physical- Body ache, headache, heart palpitations, constipation, increased appetite,  excessive sleepiness, lachrymation, watering of the nose.

Mental- irritability , restlessness

Solution

The solution for someone addicted to the drug is a residential treatment program in a voluntary drug rehabilitation facility wherein the treatment program is voluntary, non medical and incorporating counseling , meditation and other therapies are incorporated . We at Anatta offer such a program wherein the individual is treated with understanding and acceptance and his/her confidentiality and anonymity is maintained.

HOW TO TALK TO YOUR CHILD ABOUT A PARENT’S ADDICTION

Growing up in a family in which a member is addicted to alcohol or drugs , can be chaotic and scary to a child. Witnessing the fights and the tears between the parents and the displaced anger they are inflicted upon many times makes them believe that they are responsible for the drinking or using of their addicted parent.  It is confusing. They can get reactive, aggressive angry. The academic studies are affected. They can become under achievers or over achievers to compensate for the helplessness and anger they feel. Many a time they too begin using addictive substances. They can be more mature for their age.

They are faced with repeated promises of giving up and being lied to and lied about by their addicted loved one. Taking care of ones needs in such situations seems not right to them.
How to speak to your child depends on their age. the primary premise being the child should be told the truth in an age appropriate manner.
The following general guidelines can be followed:
The affection on the child and its impact has to be acknowledged and the child has to be encouraged to express its feelings.
The shame associated is to addressed. Many times the parent blames the chid for their usage causing them to take on responsibility for their using. They need to be explained that the parent under influence is very different and they are also helpless about their use.
It takes time for a child of an addict to process their emotions to identify and express them without fear. An environment where they can do so should be created
Below 10years- Children can identify with feeling  an intense desire to want a toy and want it when they want it and throwing a tantrum when they are unable to get it and many times their mind tells them “no” but they cannot help themselves. It can be explained that their  parent behaves in the same manner when they want to drink alcohol or use drugs. And even when they know they are making the wrong choice they still choose it.
Very young children can be told that their parent /loved one is ill  from an addiction.
Early teens-They find it difficult to listen to long winding explanations. It is better to ask their understanding of the situation at home and answer their questions honestly.
Older teens : today are already seeing substance use and addiction around them in their friends so identifying the same in their parents is not difficult. Hence ,  trying to minimize their loved ones usage is not right. An opening to the conversation can be that “ you had seen your dad trip down the stairs and I had to help him get to bed. “ they will share similar experience and from there it can be explained that the parent  is afflicted by addiction , what it is, and how the effort is to motivate them to go for treatment to a alcohol/drug rehab.
One person of the family preferably a parent or a counselor of the family trained in addiction and co dependency treatment speaks to the child and passes on the facts. This prevents confusion and gossip to the kids.
The National Association for Children of Alcoholics,say ,Annata Drug Alcohol Rehab centre Indiachildren need to know the “Seven Cs of Addiction”:
I didn’t Cause it.
I can’t Cure it.
I can’t Control it.
I can Care for myself
By Communicating my feelings,
Making healthy Choices, and
By Celebrating myself.
Every day a child lives with an addicted parent it is becoming damaged psychologically. Other sources of help need to be also taken- such as Al a Teen the self help group for children of those addicted to substances. Also regular Counseling by an experiential Co dependency counselor or one who has worked in the field for long needs to be done as when they see non judgmental acceptance with love being imparted they feel safe to emote , trust and express and receive help.
We provide this facility in AH to all children of our clients and have seen them blossom with self love and care.

ADDICTION AND NUTRITION

Alcohol and drug abuse /addiction can result in numerous and gross nutritional deficiencies that hamper the physical and mental health of the individual. A healthy diet plays a major role in sustaining and improving the quality of life in recovery.
Alcohol and drug use can affect nutrition in the following ways
(i)  Not eating- drinking and using drugs causes a drop in appetite and at times they forget to eat.
(ii)  Eating insufficient– Drinking /using drugs is given a priority over eating .
(iii)  Overeating- at times there can be an increased appetite due to drug and alcohol use and the person eats unconsciously without an idea of satiety.
(iv)  Damage to organs- Alcohol and drug abuse can result in damage to the liver, pancreas, stomach, intestinal linings which are all involved in the digestion, absorption and retention of nutrients in the body.
(v)  Drop in Immunity- The depletion of nutrients causes a fall in immunity making the person prone to various ailments
(vi)  Gastrointestinal disorders
(vii)  drop in glucose levels resulting in mental and physical imbalances.
Alcohol
Those addicted to alcohol have poor food intake. Either they do not eat at all in order to drink or eat a lot without awareness of satiety.
In both cases there is nutritional depletion as the body is busy processing the alcohol that needs to be metabolized before the food.
Alcohol results in inflammation of the gut and stomach lining  resulting in indigestion, acid reflux, gastritis, malabsorption resulting in diarrhea and consequent dehydration.
Severe deficiencies of Thiamine, B12,B6 and Folic acid develop resulting in conditions like peripheral neuritis , anemia, fatigue, headache, memory problems and Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome due to Thiamine deficiency.
Muscle wasting, immunity reduction happens making the person prone to ailments , and in Indians the most common ailment that afflicts a person when the immunity drops is Tuberculosis.
Chronic alcohol use can cause significant damage to the liver and pancreas which are involved in digestion of proteins, fats, carbohydrates , hormones and sugar balance thus causing an imbalance in them.
Opiates
Withdrawals from drugs like opium, heroin etc results in cramps and severe diarrhea preventing the person from eating resulting in dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Eating carbohydrates and enough fluids will tide over this.
Stimulants -like amphetamines, MDMA, Crystal meth, cocaine
Stimulants keep the drug user awake for hours on end, hyperactive and kills the appetite whereby people do not eat for days  . This results in malnutrition , electrolyte and hormonal imbalance leading to severe weight loss, muscle loss, alopecia, increased risk of infections , heart ailments, depression, apathy, confusion etc.
In treatment, eating more  can result in an upset digest system as it is just getting used to food. this requires an experienced medical care. meals should be had in small portions.
Marijuana
Marijuana usage results in a ravenous appetite but for mainly junk food excessive consumption of which can result in obesity. Lack of any nourishment in junk food results in malnutrition also. There is a deficiency of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids which can result in skin ailments like eczema, rash and other inflammatory processes. Healing of wounds is delayed and susceptibility to infections is increased.
Diet during Treatment and Recovery
-A craving for sweets develops in most people in recovery from addiction to alcohol and drugs , as sweets trigger the same dopamine reward pathway that are triggered by the substances in brain.
-Exercise regularly- various yoga asanas aid in bringing the hormonal balance in the body and regain optimum organ functioning, regain physical and mental balance and core muscle tone. Start working out slowly being in connect with one’s body as the existent muscle wasting and lack of tone if pushed into working out too soon and too hard will result in recurrent injuries.
-Eat more complex carbs – Green vegetables,Whole grains and foods made from them, such as and whole-grain breads,rotis, Starchy vegetables such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, and pumpkin, Beans, lentils, and peas.
(i)  Eat small portions of frequent meals, the appetite will slowly improve.
(ii)  There should be an increase in intake of fiber which will maintain gut health and proteins would help build muscles affected by alcohol and drug abuse.
(iii)  Avoid or reduce Caffeine intake in the form of coffee or carbonated drinks.
(iv)  Have plenty of water
(v)  Taking supplements of vitamins and minerals are essential as they will help initially to replenish immediate deficiencies and then enable the body to function well.
Every treatment /rehab facility should have a good and nutritious diet provision with adequate opportunities to exercise . We at AH provide such  an optimum  blend of nutrition and physical and mental growth in a luxurious ambience.
Alcohol Rehabilitation Centers In Mumbai

Youth And Addiction

The youth of any generation are the clay of which future adults emerge.
The youth today are the special ones who have the world literally in the palm of their hands. There is so much information bombardment. The minds that are already highly impressionable are spoilt for choice . There is also an excessive experimentation , use ,abuse and addiction to drugs and alcohol seen amongst them.
The incidences of dependency and addiction to substance amongst them is increasing by leaps and bounds. In India the legal age for drinking hard liquor is on an average 21-25 years.. But we see drinking beginning at as young an age as 14-15years.
Probable reasons for use
Young kids begin drinking with the intention of doing something taboo, then they discover it lowers their inhibitions and it seems to be more fun. Many times seeing their parents drinking and getting intoxicated on a regular basis makes them think this is as a norm. Family history of addictions, dysfunctional families , childhood abuse,  emotional traumas, a need to “fit in” may incline them towards using .
Effects on the Brain and Risks involved:
The brain of a human being develops till age 21years.Adolescents tend to binge drink to begin with i.e. having large quantities of alcohol in a short span of time. This results in affections of thinking , learning and memory as the hippocampus[ the region that is responsible for this] gets damaged.. The pre-frontal lobe of the brain gets damaged affecting the abilities of planning, reasoning , decision making and impulse control.
Risk behaviors increase in the form of being promiscuous and have unsafe , unprotected sex, fights, violent crimes, homicides, suicides, accidents due to DUI etc. Sexual assaults and date rapes increase. Grades are affected.
The patterns of drug consumption have also changed. Alcohol  intake is not to savor the taste but to to get completely “wasted” . Marijuana today is no longer just “ a herb” but comes in very potent forms and adulterated with chemicals too. We have treated too many young people with addiction to only marijuana and have their lives wasted by dropping off studies and being non productive.
Marijuana gets one acquainted with dealers and users who deal in other drugs, thus it becomes  a “gateway” for further use. A naturally curious adolescent and young mind craving for new experiences does not even realize before it is engaged and engulfed in usage of drugs that are  addictive even on single use.
Today heroin is laced wth fentanyl, Nbome is sold as LSD, mefedrone as cocaine etc and these are extremely addictive and potentially very fatal.
The young of today are thus looking fro answers  in drugs/alcohol , fanaticism  etc… the world gets more virtual and real time communication with family diminishes . A grounding within themselves is lost. This intelligence, curiosity and drive if it can be channelized through meditative practices inwards, then there can be tremendous progress in every sphere in life, physical, mental and spiritual and the world can progress. Else it is going to be a zombie world where a substance  is taken for everything from waking up[coffee], to work, to stay alert [adderal] , to stay calm[alprazolam] to sleep [alcohol,valium] and would be apocalyptic.
We at AH look at helping our young clients to be self sufficient pro-life individuals who do not find the need to use drugs/alcohol through our Alternate Life therapy program involving meditation, introspection and counseling.

http://anatta.in/youth-and-addiction/

MDMA [3,4,methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine]

The rave and party drug that has taken the party scene by a storm for several decades .

it is available in Pill form – Ecstasy – which can however be adulterated by bath salts[cathionines]  or any other chemicals. It is called Molly for “molecular” available in capsule form but which can be mixed with bath salts again. It is also available in crystal form which is swallowed or dissolved in water and drunk . Powdered versions are also available  which are snorted.

it is a psychedelic drug with stimulant effects.

It affects three chemicals in the brain-

Dopamine- causes euphoria and increased energy.

Norepinephrine- causes increase in heart rate and in blood pressure which can result even in a heart attack or a stroke.

Serotonin- MDMA causes the brain to secrete enormous amounts of serotonin and eventually this depletes the serotonin sources and reduces it considerably. Initially it causes one to feel all loving and caring , alters perceptions, heightens the senses. However,  soon it causes a very low dip or even depression and anxiety in the individual.

The effect of MDMA sets in within 30 to 60 minutes. In 3.5 to 4 hours it peaks followed by a plateau and then a depressive phase to stave off which a dose is popped again.

At times to enhance the psychedelic effects it is combined with LSD, Psilocybin mushrooms or Ketamine called as “flipping”. Also with marijuana and alcohol.

Effects. The person under influence becomes physically very active alert and hence it is used in rave parties where people dance non stop for the entire night and day . The music has a synergistic effect in enhancing the psychedelic effects. The mind becomes hyperactive. Thoughts run at a high speed.

After effects-  dry mouth, lack of appetite, bruxism [ lockjaw] repeated involuntary  clenching of teeth  , blurred vision, chills, sweating, fatigue, anxiety, paranoea, feelings of excessive love, increased sexual desire, this can result in high risk sexual behaviors too , insomnia, lack of focus .

In people who have myopia, with a high number , MDMA causes expansion of the eyeball which puts pressure on the retina . the small retinal capillaries might leak resulting in floaters in the line of vision. Retinal tears also might happen increasing the risk of loss of vision.

In people who have traits of ADHD , the use of this drug magnifies the effects.

In people with underlying anxiety and dependency issues , these symptoms get highlighted and last longer.

Thus depending on the frequency , duration, quantity of usage  and the underlying personality traits, the duration of the effects also vary.

Over the course of the week following moderate use of the drug, a person may experience: irritability, impulsiveness and aggression, depression,sleep problems, anxiety, memory and attention problems, decreased appetite, decreased interest in and pleasure from sex

Chronic use results in depression anxiety and paranoea.

Other physical adverse effects

MDMA can cause increased body temperatures to abnormal levels so much so that it can lead to multi organ failure , heart failure and can prove fatal.

Withdrawals seen –  fatigue , anxiety, depression, lack of appetite , difficulty in focus.

Treatment-

Residential care in an alternate life therapy center/drug rehab in an environment that is non judgmental, loving and accepting with counseling, meditation, yoga, writing and other alternate therapies is the path to a  resolution.

We provide the same at AH

http://anatta.in/mdma-34methylenedioxy-n-methylamphetamine/ 

MARIJUANA

“It is only a herb” “It is all natural”” It is not addictive” “ It is being legalized across the world now” “Even Lord Shiva is said to have used it always” These are some of the justifications I hear from people who use or are addicted to using the products of the innocuous plant Cannabis also called, pot ,hash weed, marijuana etc. “I have an emotional connect with pot , Charlie(cocaine) I can do without, but not pot“ said one of our clients . This clearly indicates how it had him in its grip .People who wish to justify its use like to compare its effects with the harmful effects of alcohol and other drugs.The effects of  marijuana are multifarious . It is a psychoactive drug, currently illegal in India .It is seen that a lot of teens from the age of even as low as 13 start using them, many well into their adulthood . Weed is said to be a gateway drug to other drugs as it is seen to  enhance the  effects of some of the other drugs especially opioids . Using one drug also enhances the curiosity and willingness to try other drugs.

Methods of consumption – as rolled up joints , in blunts ( in emptied cigars) , dabbing (Pure THC in wax form called budded, dab where it is placed on a cool and heated by a butane lighter and inhale the fumes).The effects of marijuana are more psychological than physical.Out of the over 400 chemicals in weed the most potent is delta-9 THC. Which is psychoactive . More the content of THC as in skunk, the more the damage and addictive potential. In teens whose brains are still being developed weed usage causes impairment in recall, listing things, short term memory, long term cognitive impairment. One in 6 people who try weed get addicted to it. Possibilities of addiction to it are higher when usage is begun in the teen adolescent years. It is also seen to reduce the IQ by an average of 8 points when used in adolescence.We had a client who smoked so many joints a day that he had stopped going to college, had lost all interest in anything , including personal hygiene, upkeep, was apathetic to his surroundings and and severe mood swings as a consequence.Immediately after use it increases the heart rate . Some people experience a sense of calm . however, depending on the extent of use and strength of weed some users experience anxiety, fear, distrust, or panic.In initial stages of limited usage it reduces anxiety . As duration and extent of usage increases it creates anxiety, it causes paranoia, at times hyper acuity of sounds which can be mistaken for auditory hallucinations, hallucinations etc. The effect of marijuana usually lasts from 1-3 hours . if consumed in the form of cookies its effects last for several more hours. THC can be detected in the urine for even 6 weeks after stoppage of ue.Short term memory is affected. There is an apathy that develops to everything .Amotivational syndrome surfaces wherein the person loses motivation to do anything constructive . This usually happens when weed is smoked in a substantial quantity for a substantial duration of time.Cannabis psychosis -heavy use of cannabis over a long period of time can result in psychoses.Driving after using cannabis has been seen to  cause more fatal car crashes than alcohol as it impairs judgment, motor coordination and reaction time .

On discontinuing weed there can be withdrawals –  Common symptoms include:

Anxiety,Depression ,Changes in mood, Irritability, Stomach pains, Loss of appetite, Nausea,Headaches, Sweating, Chills, Cravings,Restlessness

Treatment involves Counseling , behavioral therapy and with us at AH meditation too that enables one to develop interest in and grow a life that is enjoyable and fun away from the substance

TREATMENT WITH DIGNITY

August- the month from whence a slew of festivals begin in India from Raksha Bandhan, Onam, Ganesh festival , Dussehra, Diwali, Eid, Christmas etc.

India is a melting pot of cultures- however, one culture that seems to be alarmingly on the rise is that of popping the cork for every celebration pan socio- economic groups and cultures.

Where there is alcohol there is alcoholism, where there are drugs there is drug addiction. It is the addictive personality of the individual that leads to indulgence in substances to the extent that they get addicted to it. Then ,it is the substance that takes control over the personality and every physical and psychological action of the individual ; at the same time maintaining the illusion that it can be controlled by the individual. It makes the person think, act and behave like a person afflicted by a mental ailment. As a consequence , most times they are mis diagnosed with having psychiatric ailments like Bi polar disorder, psychosis or schizophrenia etc. This mis diagnosis results in the person being medicated wrongly in the name of addiction treatment , a label is applied and the person is discriminated and ostracized by family and society as being mentally unstable - hence ,often treated as a non entity .The person afflicted is thus stripped of all shreds and semblances of dignity.

The cries for help go un - recognized . The person who drinks and uses and falls in a stupor on the road or in his plush bed or lashes out is also trying to control his usage. He is no longer able to use the way he wants to and it is only to keep away pain . Unlike other chronic ailments that evoke sympathy and compassion in people , this ailment evokes disgust, hatred and fear due to lack of awareness and lack of the desire to invest the time and effort to enable these suffering individuals to turn around their lives and get beyond their addictions. Resultantly, they become victims of being picked up like animals and dumped in involuntary facilities where they are heavily medicated , labelled as being psychiatrically unstable and do not see the light of freedom for months or even years. Is this actual treatment or is it “treatment” to allay the fears and anxiety of the family who also require as much therapy? The treatment in such facilities meted out to those afflicted by dependency on substances is many times inhuman and animalistic as evidenced by articles in newspapers , the latest being wherein in one center, the patients were hung upside down as “ treatment” .

Those afflicted are extremely intelligent, socially manipulative and are unable to deal with and manage their emotions. It is this last trait that results in repeated indulgence in usage under the illusion of the temporary relief from emotional pain.

In reality, they require an environment that is loving, non judgmental [ they judge and demean themselves worse than anyone one else can] , accepting and compassionate. This is a space where they can be themselves without fear or shame- for, these are the only circumstances where they can accept themselves, begin loving themselves , at the same time taking responsibility for their lives and learn to enjoy living and reach a stage within themselves of not finding the need to use substances. This enables them to own their dignity.

Such an ambience is provided by us at Anatta and we have found through our experience that this is the only crucible in which real change can take birth and grow.

So let us welcome and celebrate this festive season with love and compassion towards ourselves first and our fellow beings.